Lessons

TOPIC 24 · CONCISE WORKBOOK

Portfolio risk, conduct and compliance

Apply market conduct, credit and governance controls.

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Control the risk you actually carry

Market risk, credit exposure and liquidity pressure are related but distinct. A hedge may reduce earnings volatility while creating margin calls. Limits need named owners, escalation times and pre-agreed actions.

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Working relationship

Liquidity buffer = available cash and facilities − stressed cash requirement

What to keep separate

VaR is not a worst-case loss and a profitable position is not necessarily liquid.

Your task

Draft a breach response with immediate action, independent escalation and a review deadline.

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Key terms in plain English
Hedge
An arrangement that changes exposure to uncertain prices or other variables. It reduces specified risks, not necessarily every risk in a business.